教育的宪法学解读

教育事关公民素养的生成、国家科学技术的发达;其对于国家、社会,乃至公民个人意义重大,并早已成为宪法所关注的事项之一.各国宪法就教育问题从受教育权、教育自由、家庭教育、宗教教育、义务教育、政府责任等不同方面予以规定.尽管涉及的角度不同,但从宪法学视角上看,教育的意义在于它既是政府的一项责任,同时也是公民的一项自由.     

股东直索责任的传承与创新

对于股东直索责任制度不同称谓的语意进行考察不仅是出于法学理论的严密性的要求，更是因为不同的名称显示出了不同国家对于该法律制度本质的认识。德国公司法上的“直索责任”用语是科学的制度称谓。法人人格与腮东有限责任是不同的两项制度，公司人格之获得与股东有限责任之取得在逻辑上存在着明显的理论分野，所谓的“法人人格否认”，实质上指的是股东有限责任无效之宣示。逆向揭开公司面纱并没有其法理基础，难以构成与股东直索责任相应的公司法律上的新型制度形式。我国刑法中规定的单位犯罪包括单罚制和双罚制，需要依照直索责任原理做出相应的修正，单罚制实质上适用的即是股东直索责任的原理．而双罚制则是传统法人犯罪的观点。     

论刑事诉讼中证明责任与举证责任的分配

辨析证明责任和举证责任的概念,探讨责任承担的主体、责任的来源、责任的转移及法律后果。我国刑事诉讼中的证明责任和举证责任的分配折射出了在新刑事审判方式中职权主义和当事人主义的折衷。新确立的以职权主义为背景增强抗辩色彩的庭审方式对证明责任和举证责任的概念与分配产生了极大影响,在法官应该承担举证责任与证明责任上仍应进一步完善。     

论机动车交通事故责任强制保险的法律适用

机动车交通事故责任强制保险是以保护和救助生命为核心的制度,它与机动车第三者责任保险在法律依据、法律性质、责任划分、保险费率等诸多方面存在不同,在法律适用中不可混淆;若两者并存时,机动车交通事故责任强制保险优先适用,机动车第三者责任保险补充适用,以有效分散风险,同时,也为交通事故受害人设置了双重保护,更加有利于保证交通事故受害人得到及时救助;在诉讼中,机动车第三者责任强制保险的受害人可以以保险公司为被告,直接向其求偿;而机动车第三者责任险的受害人只能把保险公司列为无独立请求权的第三人。     

我国上市公司社会责任与企业绩效的实证研究——来自上证180指数的经验证据

本文以上证180指数上市公司为样本,以企业对国家、员工、投资者和公益事业的社会责任贡献作为企业社会责任的评价指标,采用统计性描述和混合截面回归分析的实证研究方法来探究社会责任与企业绩效之间的关系.研究发现:我国上市公司对国家、投资者和公益事业的社会责任贡献与企业绩效正相关,而对员工的社会责任贡献与企业绩效则是负相关的关系.因此,要求企业更加重视对国家贡献的社会责任,完善社会保障机制和企业内部激励机制,推进股权分置和金融体制改革,并完善对企业履行公益事业贡献的激励机制.     

从“张金柱现象”到孙伟铭案的法学家“理性”——以媒体法治角色的社会责任担当为视角

孙伟铭案与张金柱案都是让社会各界大为震动的大案。媒体对张金柱案的密集报道还引发了民意求死的“张金柱现象”。而对孙伟铭案，媒体对孙伟铭及亲属在孙伟铭因为特大交通事故被判处“死刑立即执行”后，刑事死刑判决挤压民事赔偿过程中，采取给孙伟铭、孙林披“好人”、“善人”和“动人”等外衣，美化其“善意”、“伟大”或者受人尊重言行的民意求生的思路，试图将孙伟铭及亲属的保命型被动赔偿“塑造成”孙伟铭刑事案件的“悔罪积极”。这种过度美化孙伟铭及亲属的媒体报道，是媒体没有很好履行其社会责任，准确定位其在特大事件、重大事件中报道中的社会责任；而法学家在死刑判决下达后也站出来对判决结果进行“不理性”、“感情用事”的指责，对于这些不良的行为习惯，应当给予纠正。     

关于完善行政执法制度的思考

近年来,随着建设社会主义法治国家理念的逐步深入,行政执法工作越来越得到党和政府的重视。同时,伴随着它的运行也产生了一些不可忽视的问题。通过对目前行政执法中存在的主要问题进行分析探讨,从而积极提出相应的解决对策。     

我国帝制时代荐举制度之研究

贤良治国是一切良好政治的根本。我国历朝都非常重视选拔贤良的制度建设,确立了荐举和科举并行的选贤体制。在数千年的政治法律实践中,荐举已发展成为一套相当完备的任官法律制度。     

Audit for Whom? Time to Review Roles of Independent Auditors in Hong Kong

The Hong Kong government has been reforming its laws regarding accounting practices in recent years, to pre-empt problems similar to that of Enron. It correctly recognizes an opportunity to enhance and distinguish the financial system in Hong Kong and create a competitive advantage for Hong Kong. The sixty-five billion dollar question is: what is the right approach for accounting practice reform? One obvious approach is to model reform after the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX). The SOX increases personal liabilities of senior management and introduces extremely cumbersome compliance processes (s 3 (b)(ix) of Minutes of Bills Committee of Financial Reporting Council Bill. (19 July 2005)). While this approach may be the right move for the United States, because rescuing investor confidence is paramount, a similar approach may not be optimal for Hong Kong. Hong Kong relies, to a great degree, on foreign investments and a heavy-handed approach may scare investments away (Charles E. Schumer &; Michael R. Bloomberg To Save New York, Learn from London, Wall Street Journal 1 Nov 2006). This paper, argues that failure of independent auditors was mainly caused by bad incentives. In particular, auditors were hired by and responsible to the management of companies. Thus, there is no surprise that auditors were less diligent in finding problems caused by management. Furthermore, proposing of an alternate to the SOA’s approach. Specifically, a new legal approach should be enforced that allows shareholders to sue auditors when failure to uncover accounting issues causes loss of shareholders’ values.     

Privatised Keynesianism: An Unacknowledged Policy Regime

There have now been two successive policy regimes since the Second World War that have temporarily succeeded in reconciling the uncertainties and instabilities of a capitalist economy with democracy's need for stability for people's lives and capitalism's own need for confident mass consumers. The first of these was the system of public demand management generally known as Keynesianism. The second was not, as has often been thought, a neo-liberal turn to pure markets, but a system of markets alongside extensive housing and other debt among low- and medium-income people linked to unregulated derivatives markets. It was a form of privatised Keynesianism. This combination reconciled capitalism's problem, but in a way that eventually proved unsustainable. After its collapse there is debate over what will succeed it. Most likely is an attempt to re-create it on a basis of corporate social responsibility.